Pentacel
This vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Ingredients:
Active ingredients:
Diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, detoxified pertussis toxin, inactivated polioviruses types 1, 2, and 3, a sugar from the capsule (outer layer) of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), filamentous hemagglutinin (a cell surface protein), pertactin (outer membrane protein), and fimbriae types 2 and 3 (parts of the bacterium that allow it to attach to host cells)
Inactive ingredients:
Amounts are based on a 0.5 mL dose
Carbohydrates: normally used as stabilizers in vaccines
Adjuvants: strengthen the immune response to the vaccine
Antibiotics: used to prevent contamination during manufacturing
Growth agents: ingredients that help the active ingredients grow in order to make the vaccine
Other:
Relevant Terms:
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Antibiotics: substances that kill bacteria or prevent them from dividing Antibiotics are used in some vaccines to prevent contamination during the manufacturing process
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Antibody: a protein made by the immune system in response to a foreign particle (antigen). These proteins circulate in the blood and help defend the body against the substance
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Antigen: This is any substance that triggers the immune system to create antibodies. For example, allergens such as pollen are antigens
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Antitoxin: an antibody that neutralizes toxins
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Bacterium: The singular of bacteria (one bacterium, two bacteria)
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Carbohydrates: This is another word for sugars
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Emulsifier: a substance that helps to keep the ingredients mixed together
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Toxoid: an inactive version of a toxin produced by a bacterium. The body is able to make antitoxin without being exposed to the actual toxin. Toxoids are not toxic.
Sources
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Package insert: https://www.fda.gov/media/74385/download
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General:
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Hemagglutinin: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2294058/
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Toxoid: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/toxoid
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Antibiotics:
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Aluminum:
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Aluminum phosphate:
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Sugar:
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Bovine serum albumin:
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Formaldehyde: https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/vaccine-ingredients/formaldehyde
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Polysorbate-80:
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Neomycin Sulfate: ​​​
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Polymyxin B:
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Glutaraldehyde: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/3758/smpc#gref
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2-phenoxyethanol: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-Phenoxyethanol
Last updated: July 10, 2024